SESSION 1: CLIMATE CHANGES MONDAY OCTOBER 1, 2018
Keynote: Michel CRUCIFIX, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
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The Quaternary period recorded a number of marked climate fluctuations with a wide range of amplitudes and velocities. Plant species range changes and ecosystems dynamics have been driven and were directly impacted by the past climate oscillations. This session aims at discussing the different types of impacts that the past climate changes had on the species ranges, how fast climate has changed in the past and how fast species have reacted.
Michel Crucifix Climate and Life: why biodiversity matters
Colin Prentice The velocity of past climate changes and plant responses
Didier Roche Climate transitions: a modeller’s point of view
Dirk Nikolaus Karger New very high resolution climate timeseries for the last 21000 years
Joel Guiot Past and future climate and vegetation change in the Mediterranean region
Myriam Khodri The West African hydro-climate inter-annual to decadal variability over the last centuries
Matthieu Carré Modern drought conditions in western Sahel unprecedented in the past 1600 years
Ilham Bouimetarhan Intermittent “Caatinga Greening” in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil during the last deglaciation: Climatic and ecologic evidence
SESSION 2: REFUGIA
Keynote: Keith BENNETT, University of St Andrews, UK
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Through the Quaternary, distributions of plants and animals have expanded and contracted as climates and environments become more, or less, favourable. Regions where organisms persisted at low densities or with restricted ranges, have been termed 'refugia', most often with respect to the glacial period distributions of taxa that are widespread during interglacials (eg trees in the Holocene), but also relevant for the modern distributions of taxa that are restricted in the Holocene but more widespread during the glacial periods (eg. polar bears, Dryas octopetala), and certain other situations. This session aims at discussing the role of these refugia in the shaping of modern ecosystems, their viable sizes and their diversity.
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Keith Bennett Use and misuse of refugia during the Quaternary
Donatella Magri Lessons from long-term refugia
Anne-Marie Lézine The refugia hypothesis on the light of a 90,000 years long pollen record from the Cameroon highlands
Mary Edwards Survival stories from the Arctic: plants in nunataks, oases and at the ice-sheet edge
​Michael Nobis Glacial refugia and Holocene migration of the vascular plant flora of Europe
Jonathan Lenoir On the importance of microrefugia for biodiversity redistribution under climate change
Shawn O’Donnell SUNDASIA: Evidence for the refugial nature of limestone forest biota on the Tràng An massif karst, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam
Rachid Cheddadi Modern microrefugia in the Rif Mountains, Morocco
Mark Bush Oak forests aren’t what they used to be
SESSION 3: GENETIC DIVERSITY TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2018
Keynote: Arndt HAMPE, INRA, Biodiversity, Genes and Communities, University of Bordeaux, France
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Phylogeographical studies have shown that many Quaternary climate refugia are hotspots of genetic diversity. The long-term persistence of local populations has generated a high relative abundance of endemic and ancestral alleles and marked genetic differentiation among microrefugia, resulting in exceptional levels of regional-scale diversity. Studies combining surveys of modern DNA and the fossil record are allowing to trace Quaternary population and range dynamics with unprecedented detail, while studies on ancient DNA extracted from geological records are shedding new insights into species adaptation to environmental changes. This session will discuss how genetic and environmental data can help elucidating the responses of species and populations to past climatic changes and their eventual fates under modern rapid climate warming.
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Arndt Hampe Gene flow in long-term refugial tree populations: do they behave differently?
Giuseppe Vendramin Molecular signatures of climate adaptation and range expansions in Mediterranean conifers
Bruno Fady Demographic and evolutionary history of Abies alba in the Pyrenees
Olivier Hardy History of the Guineo-Congolian forest: insights from phylogeographic patterns in plants
Jeremy Migliore Effects of past climate changes on the genetic structure and diversity of Afromontane Podocarpus trees
Abel Gizaw Seid Colonization, diversification and connectivity in the extremely fragmented African ‘Sky Island’ flora
Peter Comes The world’s most diverse temperate flora revisited: a review and perspective of phylogeographic studies of East Asian plant
endemics in relation to Quaternary environmental change
Laura Parducci Shotgun ancient DNA analysis in Lateglacial lake sediments from Sweden
Kevin Nota Using ancient DNA to investigate glacial survival of Norway spruce (Picea abies) in Scandinavia
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SESSION 4: MODELLING SPECIES RANGES
Keynote: Signe Normand, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Modeling the ancient distribution of plant species can illuminate potential migration pathways and refugia, as well as promote understanding of the demographic history and current genetic structure of species. Numerous decisions and challenges potentially accompany such modeling efforts, including choice of modeling paradigm and algorithm, biases in algorithms and distribution data, variability among estimates of paleoclimate, means of model validation, genetic heterogeneity and model stationarity, capacity for dispersal, and the lability of niche, environmental tolerances and biotic interactions. This session includes presentations that present new work to identify, quantify, and accommodate the uncertainties and biases that arise during the modeling of species ancient distributions, using new and established modeling approaches.
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Signe Normand How to model species range dynamics in space and time
Spyros Theodoridis The use of paleoclimate simulations in explaining present day patterns of intraspecific diversity
Casazza Gabriele Past range dynamics and their relationship with current richness: a study case from the SW Alps endemics
Said Moukrim Modeling the distribution of Cedrus atlantica in the past, present and future for its conservation
Elif Deniz Ülker Late Quaternary changes in potential distribution of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur): A support to the expansion-contraction
model using ecological niche modeling
Maria Margarida Ribeiro Glacial refugia for strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) in Portugal based on ecological niche modelling and organellar marker analyses
Alexandra Henrot Simulating glacial and postglacial distributions of mountain tree species in Africa and South America with the dynamic vegetation
​SESSION 5: CONSERVATION WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 3, 2018
Keynote: Steve JACKSON, Southwest Climate Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey and Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, USA
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Management strategies and species conservation policies could certainly be optimized through the integration of the knowledge obtained from different sources and disciplines, and particularly through the integration of historical data. Fossil records contain a wide range of proxies for reconstructing past climates, species occurrence/expansion/regression/extinction through time. Fossil records are also being more and more used for extracting ancient DNA which should help us improving our knowledge on species adaptation through time. This session aims to discuss the inputs from historical and paleodata for the long-term conservation issues and for preserving threatened species under the ongoing climate change.
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Steve Jackson Ecological novelty, old and new: conservation in a post-normal world
Shonil Baghwat Examining the resilience of agroforestry landscapes in India to inform tropical forest management
​Raúl Sánchez-Salguero Application of vulnerability thresholds to the conservation of Mediterranean firs and cedars forests
Emubuoasa Orijemie Current Biodiversity Challenges: Lessons from the Past, Solutions for the Future
Henry Hooghiemstra Past changes in plant diversity and distributions at centennial to ice-age time scales; highlights from the past to fuel discussions
about the future
Rob Marchant Feeding land management policy dialogues with evidence of past, present, and future land use and land cover changes: insights
from the Kenya-Tanzania borderlands
Martin Lascoux Global evolution studies and local conservation efforts of the riparian species Populus euphratica